中国眼科门诊干眼的流行病学调查

The Epidemiological Investigation of Dry Eye Ophthalmic Clinic in China

目的了解中国眼科门诊干眼的患病率及相关危险因素。方法多中心临床研究,于2013年7月—2013年11月对全国23个省45个城市的94家医院的眼科门诊主诉有干眼症状的31 124例患者进行了问卷调查,随后进行干眼诊断的相关特异性检查。结果眼科门诊主诉有干眼症状的就诊患者干眼患病率为67.9%,其中男性患病率为62.8%,女性为72.7%,女性患干眼危险性高于男性。小于25岁年龄组男性患干眼的危险性高于女性,而其他年龄组的女性患干眼的危险性高于男性,随着年龄的增大,研究对象的干眼患病率呈上升趋势。研究对象有角膜屈光手术史患干眼相对危险度是1.28,研究对象有糖尿病史患干眼相对危险度是2.11。女性泪膜破裂时间和Schirmer I试验结果值随着年龄增加变小,而各年龄组男性差别不大;女性角结膜荧光素染色阳性率高于男性。结论中国眼科门诊主诉有干眼症状的就诊患者干眼患病率高,女性高于男性,随着年龄的增大,患病率上升。角膜屈光手术和糖尿病是干眼的危险因素。高年龄组女性的临床客观检查结果值最差。

OBJECTIVE To find the prevalence of dry eye and related risk factors from the ophthalmic clinic in China. METHODS It conducted a multi-center clinical research in 23 province, 45 cities, in the country of 94 hospitals from July to November in 2013. Patients complained of dry eye symptoms in ophthalmic clinic was based on a questionnaire survey, then specific clinical examina- tions that dry eye diagnosis related is implemented in 31 124 patients. RESULTS Outpatients of Ophthalmic clinic who complained of dry eye symptoms had a prevalence of dry eye up to 67.9%, the rate of men was 62.8% and the rate of women is72.7%. The dry eye risk of female was higher than that of male. Less than 25 years old age group had the risk of dry eye higher than women, women with risk of dry eye is higher than men in other age groups, with the increase of age, the outpatients＇ prevalence of dry eye was on the rise. The outpatients with a history of corneal refractive surgery whose relative risk of dry eye was 1.28. The outpatients with a his- tory of diabetes, whose relative risk of dry eye was 2.11. Tear film breakup time and Schirmer I test result values of women decreased with age increasing, but male had no difference among all age groups; female＇s kerato-conjunctival fluorescein staining positive rate is higher than men. CONCLUSION Chinese ophthalmic clinic patients who complained of dry eye symptoms has high prevalence of dry eye, women was higher than men, with age increasing, the rates was rising. Corneal refractive surgery and diabetes were risk fac- tors for dry eye.Women of high age group had the worst test results of clinical objective values.