科学技术史与科学史课程定位辨析

Discrimination between the Positioning of Science and Technology History Course and Science History Course

科学技术史是大学通识教育常设课程之一,在课程安排上,包括科学史、技术史和STS,然而其学科归属却是科学史。这种课程内容和学科归属的不对称源于"科学"概念之内涵的扩展,从古代科学的哲学家传统和工匠传统,到近代科学的哲学家传统定义,再到二战后大科学时代的来临,科学内涵从与技术分离转变为和技术合体,最后变为同一个概念"科学技术",而整个转变和发展的过程总是依循科学的历史发展和其社会建制形式的转变,故科学技术史是广义的科学史。

History of science and technology is one of the perma-nent general education courses at university, and the course in-cludes history of science, history of technology and STS, however, it belongs to history of science. This asymmetry between curricu-lum content and discipline category originates from the connota-tion expansion of ＂science＂. From the philosopher tradition and artisan tradition of ancient science, to the traditional definition of philosophers in modern science, and then to the advent of big science era after the World War II, the connotation of science transformed from the separation from technology to the integration with technology, and finally become the same concept, ＂science and technology＂, but the whole transformation and development process always follows the historical development of science and the change of the form of social institutions, so history of science and technology is a broad history of science.