作者学术影响力双重测度探讨:引用影响力和合作影响力之整合

Two-dimensional Measurement for Academic Influence of Researchers:Integration of Citation Impact and Collaboration Impact

考虑到科学交流方式和作者学术关系，应从引用和合作两个角度综合反映作者学术影响力。但目前研究有两点不足，一是作者被引次数、h指数未考虑到合著论文的作者数及每位作者的贡献程度；二是中心度指标均将作者合作网络视为无权重网络，而无法反映不同作者之间有不同的合作强度的实际情形。本文将署名次序（反映作者在合著论文中不同的贡献度）、合著频次（表征作者之间的合作强度）两个因素引入作者引用指标和合作指标，提出“调和h指数＋调和R指数”、“h度＋R度”分别测度更加真实客观的引用影响力和合作影响力。实证研究表明，作者传统引用影响力、调和引用影响力、合作影响力指标之间均呈正相关，但相关程度并不高，合作影响力能够反映出区别于引用影响力的另一种角度的影响力，从而建立二维测度框架，从引用和合作两个角度遴选领域高影响力学者，可为相关机构的人才评价和引进提供支持服务。

From the viewpoint of scientific communication theory and academic relations between authors, measuring academic influence of researchers should seek a integrated citation- collaboration pattern. However, current studies have two shortcomings, firstly, research evaluation metrics at the individual level such as citations and hindex does not take into account the number of coauthors and the contribution of each author in the byline; secondly, several studies have shown the applicability of centrality measures for coauthorship networks to indicate how centrality measures are useful to re？ ect the scholars＇ performance based on their position and in？ uence within their collaboration network. But most of them do not consider collaborations frequency and therefore they are not useful for weighted network analysis. This article introduced author order and coauthor frequency of publications into the citation and collaboration measures respectively, proposed two pairs of metrics “harmonic hindex plus harmonic Rindex” and “ hdegree plus Rdegree” to measure the more realistic and objective citation influence and collaboration influence. Using a sample of 40 Ph.D. mentors in the field of cardiac and cardiovascular diseases, Spearman＇s correlation analysis shows significant positive correlation among the indicators measuring traditional citation impact, harmonic citation impact and collaboration impact. The hdegree and Rdegree may reflect collaboration influence that is distinctive from the citation impact. Scientometric and informatric researchers can retrieve and discern the high influential scholars from the aspects of both citation and collaboration, which is helpful for decision making in talents recruitment and research evaluation at the individual level.