Get+V-ed基于构式语法与语料库的分析

An Analysis of Get+V-ed Based on Construction Grammar and Corpus

生成语法认为,get+past participle的get是提升动词或控制动词,其表层结构是过去分词受事通过一系列移位生成的。这与基于语料库的分析结果有一定冲突。依据构式语法与语料库的分析显示,不及物动结构式get+past participle是由反身动结构式get+reflexive+past participle激发,并通过部分因果衍生链Isubpart:cause继承了后者的部分语义与语法信息。两个构式都凸显了主语在过去分词所指事件中的参与及责任,但它们服务于不同的话语目的。方式状语与过去分词施事的隐匿、对过去分词施事的语义限制都服务于凸显目的。

Under the Chomskyan model, the surface structure of get＋past participle is the result of a series of movements of the patient argument of the past participle, with get either regarded as a raising verb or a control verb which, to some degree, is incompatible with corpus findings. This corpus analysis based on the construction grammar, however, reveals that the intransitive resultative construction get＋past participle is motivated by the resultative construction get＋reflexive＋past participle through the subpart inheritance link Isubpart：cause and inherits parts of the semantic and syntactic information of the latter. Both constructions profile the subject＇s responsibility for and involvement in the event denoted by the past participle, but serve different discourse purposes. The shading of the manner adverbial and the agent of the past participle as well as the semantic restrictions on this agent serves the profiling end.