现代汉语双宾动词之语义分析

Semantic Analysis on Double-objective-verbs in Modern Chinese

双宾动词表示授受、交接、传递意义。依照动词的指向性,可以将双宾动词分成指向明确的动词与指向不明确的动词两大类。指向明确的动词可称为定向动词或有向动词,指向不明确的动词可称为不定向动词或兼向动词。根据意义特点的不同,双宾动词可以分为给予类双宾动词、获取类双宾动词、称说类双宾动词、信息传递类双宾动词和"借"类双宾动词。指向分类和意义分类有一定对应关系。

Double-objective-verbs show the meanings of acceptance, offer and acceptance, and delivery. According to verbs’ nature of showing direction, double-objective-verbs can be divided into two groups including the verbs with clear direction and the verbs with unclear direction. The former can be called as orienting verbs or certain-direction-verbs, while the latter as disorienting verbs or multidirection-verbs. According to difference of meaning features, double-objective-verbs can be divided into offering-double-objective-verbs,obtaining-double-objective-verbs, addressing-double-objective-verbs, information-conveying-double-objective-verbs, and borrowing-double-objective-verbs. There is corresponding relationship between orienting category and meaning category.