基于GIS与氮产出量的江西省农业污染评价研究

Assessment on the agricultural source pollution based on GIS and nitrogen output in Jiangxi Province

江西省是我国农业大省,随着农业经济的发展,农业生产过程中农药化肥大量施用,禽畜粪便任意排放,地膜和秸秆大量残留等因素使得江西省农业污染日趋严重.根据全国第一次农业污染源普查数据,统计江西省各行政单元农业产值和农业生产过程中氮污染物产出量,并引入万元GDP(本文中的GDP专指第一产业产值)氮产出量指标,评价了江西省各县市的农业污染状况,并对78个县(或县级市)级行政单元进行污染程度分级.分析了江西省各行政单元农、林、牧、渔各产业产值占农业产值比例与万元GDP氮产出量之间的相关关系,从而分析江西省各行政单元农业产业的发展趋势及其对农业污染影响程度的大小.结果显示,江西省农业污染较严重,且农业生产环保性较差,大部分县级行政单元的种植业等都向着不可持续方向发展.

The agricultural source pollution in Jiangxi Province,one of the biggest agricultural provinces in China,is becoming increasingly serious with the development of agricultural economy,due to the application of large amount of pesticide and fertilizer,the emissions of livestock excrement,and the left mulch and straw residues.Using the first national agricultural pollution census of Jiangxi Province,we calculated the output value of agriculture and the discharge load of nitrogen pollutants in each administrative unit and constructed an index to indicate the nitrogen output per ten thousand Yuan GDP.With this index,we evaluated the agricultural pollution status for Jiangxi Province,and classified the 78 counties （or county-level city） into different pollution levels.Then,we analyzed the relationship between the proportions of the product values of farming,forestry,livestock,and fishery in the value of agricultural production and the nitrogen output per ten thousand Yuan GDP.Finally,we delineated the development trend of the agricultural industry in each administrative unit and its effects on agricultural source pollution in Jiangxi Province.The results show that the agricultural source pollution is rather serious,and the farming industry in most of the administrative units are developing towards the unsustainable direction.