挖掘机提升系统的动载荷计算

Dynamic Load Calculation of Excavator Hoisting System

考虑到挖掘机提升系统多自由度模型下动载荷计算的复杂性,在设计初期,将提升系统的传动件如轴、齿轮和联轴节及结构件均视为刚性元件,只将提升钢丝绳视为弹性元件,并不考虑阻尼的影响,提出了将挖掘机提升系统的多自由度模型简化为二自由度模型.通过拉格朗日方程法对在堵转工况下斗杆垂直于动臂、斗杆全伸出位置进行计算,得出提升钢丝绳的动载荷系数,并与多自由度模型下求得的动载荷系数比较.结果表明,在初步设计中可用二自由度模型代替多自由度模型,达到简化计算的目的.

Considering the complexity of the dynamic load calculation using the multi-degree-offreedom model for the hoisting system of the excavator,initially,the driving parts of hoisting system,such as axle,gear,coupling and structural parts,were taken as rigid component,only left the hoisting wirerope taken as elastic component without taking the damping effect into consideration.A two-degree-of-freedom model was put forward by simplifying the multi-degreeof-freedom model for excavator＇s hoisting system.Under the locked-rotor conditions where arm is perpendicular to the movable arm and the bucket rod is completely out of position,the dynamic load coefficient of the hoisting system was calculated by the Lagrange equation method,and compared with the coefficient from the multi-degree-of-freedom model.The result shows that the two-degree-of-freedom model can be used instead of the multi-degree-of-freedom model to simplify the calculation in the preliminary design stage.