三江源区高原鼠兔洞危害区植物群落特征研究

Plant community characteristics of plateau pika rathole hazard zone in head waters region of three rivers

通过对三江源区果洛州玛沁县矮嵩草草甸和垂穗披碱草人工草地内高原鼠兔洞周围植被群落的调查和取样,探究了高原鼠兔的活动对栖息地植物群落的影响.结果表明:高原鼠兔对未退化天然草地植物群落无明显危害,对其他草地的地下生物量也无明显影响;综合地上生物量、高度、盖度与裸地面积,高原鼠兔对2龄人工草地危害最明显,高原鼠兔洞周围的裸地面积由大到小为:2龄人工草地>天然矮嵩草草甸>10龄人工草地>12龄人工草地.

Based on the vegetation investigation and sampling in the natural Kobresia humilis meadow and artificial grassland around plateau pika rathole in Maqin County of Guoluo Prefecture,this study preliminarily explored the distribution of the plateau pika and destruction impact on the habitat.The results showed that the activity of plateau pika had no obvious effect on below-ground biomass（P〉0.05）.The activity of plateau pika had no significant effect on the plant community height,cover-degree,aboveground and underground biomass of degraded natural grassland（P〉0.05）.Integrated the aboveground biomass,height,cover-degree and bare land area into consideration,the harm of the 2-age-old artificial grassland by plateau pika was the most serious.The relationship of the single block area of bare land around plateau pika ratholes was as：2-year-old artificial grassland〉natural Kobresia humilis meadow〉10-year-old artificial grassland〉12-year-old artificial grassland.