浅论犯罪的分类和犯罪的预防——以行为人为中心的犯罪预防体系思考

Classification of Crime and Crime Prevention——Thinking on Feason-Centered Crime Prevention System

刑事古典学派与刑事近代学派分别以犯罪行为与犯罪人为重心,系统地进行犯罪分类的研究,并提出了相应的犯罪预防措施。刑法学与犯罪学与之相呼应,也分别建构了自己的理论体系,前者主要以行为性质展开,关注的是行为的法益侵害属性,竭力表述不同性质的行为在具体犯罪构成上的区别,而犯罪学主要展示犯罪原因与犯罪预防个别特征的犯罪人的类型。因此,有必要以犯罪学为基础,从犯罪构成的角度探讨犯罪分类,提出微观预防与宏观预防相结合的犯罪预防体系。

Classical and modern criminal school carried out systematic research on the classification of crimes focusing on crime and criminals respectively,and puts forward the corresponding prevention measures. The science of criminal law and criminology has also built its own theoretical system respectively,the former mainly focuses on the nature of behavior concerning about the attribute of the act against interests of the law,and tries its best to state the difference of different nature in the concrete constitution of a crime. The Criminology displays the main causes of crime and the types of criminals with individual characteristics in crime prevention. Therefore,it is necessary to classify crimes and put forward the micro-macro integrated prevention system based on criminology.