台山市脑卒中高危人群筛查分析及干预研究

Screening and intervention study high risk population of stroke in Taishan city

目的了解台山市40岁以上人群脑卒中相关危险因素,以早期发现脑卒中高危人群并进行干预,为开展脑卒中高危人群筛查并建立脑卒中高危人群干预体系提供科学依据。方法采取整群抽样调查方法,选取40岁以上的台山市户籍人口1 800名,首先采集基本信息,然后对筛查出的285名脑卒中高危人群进行体格检查、实验室检查和颈动脉彩超检查。结果随着年龄的增高,入选人群颈动脉内膜增厚和颈动脉斑块检出率显著增高(P<0.01);危险因素越多者颈动脉内膜增厚、颈动脉斑块和颈动脉狭窄检出率显著增高(P<0.05);规范治疗对减少颈动脉内膜增厚、颈动脉斑块和颈动脉狭窄发生率、降低脑卒中风险有显著意义(P<0.05)。结论在基层开展脑卒中高危人群筛查并建立干预体系,对脑卒中的预防与控制具有重要意义。

Objective To understand the related risk factors of stroke among people over 40 years old in Taishan city, and provide scientific basis for setting up a screening and intervention system for high-risk population. Methods Using cluster sampling method, 1 800 cases over 40 years old in Taishan city were selected for the study. The basic information was collected, and 285 cases of high risk for stroke proceeded with physical examination, laboratory examination and carotid artery ultrasonography. Results With increase in age, the rates of patients with carotid artery intimal thickening and carotid ptaque detection were significantly higher（P〈0.01 ）.The more risk factors for carotid artery intimal thickening, the higher was the plaque of carotid artery and carotid artery stenosis detection rate （P〈0.05）. Standard treatment to reduce the carotid artery intima-media thickness,plaque of carotid artery and carotid artery stenosis rate could significantly reduce the early risk of stroke （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Screening and set up the intervention system for the high risk population of stroke in grassroots, have an important significance in the prevention and control of stroke.