上颌前牙唇侧牙龈及牙槽黏膜厚度的锥形束CT测量研究

Thickness of labial gingiva and mucosa at maxillary anterior teeth measured by cone-beam CT

目的:测量上颌前牙唇侧黏膜厚度,分析其与性别及体质量指数(BMI)的相关性。方法:选择健康汉族青年男45人,女55人为研究对象,推开唇颊组织,用锥形束CT对颌面部扫描并三维重建,测量上颌前牙唇侧龈缘至牙槽嵴顶牙龈及牙槽嵴顶至其根方3 mm范围的黏膜厚度和龈缘至牙槽嵴顶的牙龈宽度。分析黏膜厚度的性别组间差异及与BMI的相关性。结果:受试者总体在牙长轴纵切面上,中切牙、侧切牙和尖牙唇侧龈缘至牙槽嵴顶的黏膜厚度(mm)分别为1.32±0.20、1.10±0.24、1.21±0.19;牙槽嵴顶至其根方3 mm范围的黏膜厚度(mm)分别为0.69±0.17、0.52±0.16、0.59±0.15;牙龈宽度(mm)分别为3.18±0.45、3.00±0.44和3.07±0.40。上颌前牙唇侧牙槽嵴顶至其根方3 mm范围的黏膜厚度男性大于女性(P<0.05),与黏膜厚度BMI显著正相关(r=0.376,P<0.05)。结论:①上颌前牙区唇侧牙龈厚度呈冠根向递增趋势,唇侧牙龈厚度大于牙槽黏膜厚度;②男性牙槽黏膜厚度显著大于女性;③牙槽黏膜厚度与体质量指数显著正相关。

AIM： To measure the thickness of labial gingiva and mucosa at maxillary anterior teeth by cone-beam CT and to analyze its association with gender and body mass index（ BMI）. METHODS： 45 male and 55 female youths of Han nationality were included. At the time of cone-beam CT scanning,a mouth opening device was used to retract soft tissues away from the teeth and gingiva. The thickness of labial gingiva and mucosa was measured at six different leves on each maxillary anterior tooth from gingival margin to crest of alveolar ridge and from the alveolar crest ridge to apical 3 mm respectively. The mucosal width was measured from gingival margin to the crest of alveolar ridge. T-test was used to examine the gender differences. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlations between mucosal thickness and BMI. RESULTS： As total,the thickness（ mm） of gingiva at central incisor,lateral incisor and canine was 1. 32 ± 0. 20,1. 10 ± 0. 24 and 1. 21 ± 0. 19 respectively; the thickness（ mm） of mucosa of the teeth was 0. 69 ± 0. 17,0. 52 ± 0. 16 and 0. 59 ± 0. 15; the mucosal widths（ mm） of alveolar ridge of the teeth was3. 18 ± 0. 45,3. 00 ± 0. 44 and 3. 07 ± 0. 40,respectivelyr. Males had thicker mucosa than females（ P〈0. 05）,and the thickness was positively associated with BMI（ r = 0. 376,P〈0. 05）. CONCLUSION： The thickness of labial gingiva increases from crown to root direction. Gingiva was thicker than alveolar mucosa. Males have thicker labial alveolar mucosa than females. The thickness of alveolar mucosa was positively associated with BMI.