湿疹患者香精过敏与青鹏软膏致敏的研究

Fragrance allergy in patients with eczema and its relevance to contact allergy to Qingpeng ointment

目的 通过调查两种香精标志物芳香混合物和松香斑贴试验阳性的患者对青鹏软膏的斑贴试验结果及临床相关性,探讨临床上芳香混合物和松香过敏患者可否安全使用青鹏软膏.方法 使用青鹏软膏原物及欧洲标准变应原系列对门诊湿疹皮炎患者进行斑贴试验及随访,采用病史回顾及随访的方法,确定斑贴试验结果的相关性.应用SPSS 17.0进行数据处理和分析,计数资料描述其构成比,组间率的比较采用卡方检验或Fisher精确检验.结果 333例患者为连续入组,其中男48例,女285例,年龄14～77岁,平均（35.9土13.5）岁.芳香混合物及松香斑贴阳性率分别为3.8％和2.7％.青鹏软膏斑贴试验阳性者仅5例（1.5％）,均无临床相关性.芳香混合物及松香斑贴试验阳性者与阴性者中青鹏软膏斑贴试验阳性率分别为5.9％及1.6％,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 湿疹患者香精过敏常见,但青鹏软膏的斑贴试验阳性率为1.5％,且无临床相关性;芳香混合物和松香是否过敏与青鹏软膏斑贴试验是否阳性未见相关性,值得进一步研究.

Objective To evaluate the sensitivity to fragrance mixture,colophony and Qingpeng ointment in patients with eczema by a patch test,and to assess the relationship between patch test reactions to fragrance mixture or colophony and those to Qingpeng ointment,so as to determine if patients clinically reactive to fragrance mixture and colophony can apply Qingpeng ointment safely.Methods Patch testing was carried out with European standard series and raw materials of Qingpeng ointment in outpatients with eczema or dermatitis.The clinical relevance of patch test results was analyzed based on clinical medical history and a follow-up study.Data were processed with the SPSS 17.0 software.Constituent ratio was used for statistical description,and intergroup comparison was carried out by chi-square test and Fisher＇s exact test.Results Totally,333 patients （including 48 males and 285 females） were consecutively enrolled in this study,with an average age of 35.9 years （range,14-77 years）.The positivity rate of patch test with fragrance and colophony was 3.8％ and 2.7％ respectively.Five （1.5％） patients showed positive patch test reactions to Qingpeng ointment but no clinical relevance was identified.No significant difference was observed in the positivity rate of patch test with Qingpeng ointment between patients with positive patch test reactions to fragrance mix or colophony and those without （5.9％ vs.1.6％,Fisher＇s exact test,P ＞ 0.05）.Conclusions Fragrance allergy is common in patients with eczema,but the positivity rate of patch test with Qingpeng ointment is low （1.5％） with no clinical relevance.No association is found between the allergy to fragrance mixture and colophony and that to Qingpeng ointment,which deserves further study.