左主干伴三支病变严重狭窄外科治疗体会

Surgical treatment in patients with severe left main artery stenosis with severe three-vessel-disease

目的：探讨严重左主干狭窄伴三支血管病变严重狭窄患者的手术时机及方法选择。方法回顾分析2003年1月至2013年3月对严重左主干病变伴三支血管病变患者施行冠状动脉旁路移植术296例。其中体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术（CCABG）276例，非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术（OPCAB）20例。60岁以上者172例（58.1％）。术前同时合并其他疾病患者246例（83.10％），包括瓣膜病、高血压病、高血脂、糖尿病、陈旧性心肌梗死、室壁瘤、脑梗死等。冠状动脉旁路移植（3.85±0.6）支，左乳内动脉旁路移植281例（95.10％）。围术期使用主动脉内气囊反搏（IABP）32例。结果手术早期死亡7例（2.36％），其中低心排综合征1例、心室纤颤2例、脑岀血1例、消化道岀血1例、肾功能衰竭1例、多脏器功能衰竭1例。术后并发症26例（8.78％），其中低心排量综合征8例、心室纤颤4例、呼吸衰竭3例、多脏器功能衰竭3例、心包压塞2例、肾功能衰竭2例、消化道出血2例及脑岀血2例。212例（71.62％）患者随访2-84个月，3例死亡（1.01％），2例与心脏病有关。结论严重左主干伴三支血管严重狭窄高危患者在体外循环下手术仍不失为一种安全有效的治疗方法，对左心功能低下者预先置入IABP可使CABG术的死亡率和并发症发生率均降低，改善了其预后。

Objective To explore the appropriately operative chance , method, and perioperative management of coronary arterybypass grafting （CABG） in the patients with severe left main artery （LMA） stenosis with three-vessel-disease.Methods A total of296 patients with severe LMA stenosis with three-vessel-disease who underwent CABG surgery was analyzed retrospectively from 2003through 2013.Of them, 276 patients underwent conventional coronary artery bypass surgery on pump （ CCABG）and 20 patients underwentoff-pump CABG（ OPCAB）; 172 Patients was over 60 years old （58.1%）and 246 patients （83.10%） had concomitant diseasesincluding valve lesion, hypertension, diabetes, myocardial infarction, left ventricular aneurysm with septal defect , stroke, renal failure,and cancer.Left internal mammary artery use was in 281 patients （95.1%）; and 32 patients were implanted intra-aortic ballonpump（IABP） perioperatively.Results There were 7 cases（2.36 %） death of postoperative low cardiac output , ventricular fibrillation,cerebral infarction, renal failure, and multiple organ failure, respectively.Postoperative complications were low cardiac output ,respiratory failure , ventricular fibrillation, cereboembolism, cardiac tampomade, renal failure, stroke, and multiple organ failure.Afterfollow-up 2 to 84 months, there was 3 death in which 2 death of cardiac factors.Conclusions CCABG was a safe and effectivemethod in patients with severe LMA stenosis with severe three -vessel-disease.Preoperative insertion of IABP can certainly avoid the po -tential operative risk factor and significantly decrease the mortality and morbidity .