列车高速通过隧道时车内压力波模拟试验研究

Experimental research on simulation of interior pressure of train passing through tunnel at high speed

列车高速过隧道时诱发的压力波通过车体缝隙传入车内,给旅客乘车舒适性带来严重影响,在实验室模拟车内压力波动过程以系统研究车内压力波动与人耳舒适性的关系,以便为制定气压变化下科学的人耳舒适性标准提供依据。基于车内压力变化是车体空气进出口流量关于时间的积分,设计以1台罗茨风机、两阀门组及控制单元为核心的车内压力波试验模拟装置,以实现变体积流量交替对车体进行充气和抽气,使车内压力变化曲线不断逼近现场实车试验测得的车内压力变化曲线。研究结果表明:装置试验结果与现场实车试验测试结果基本吻合,说明该装置可真实模拟列车通过隧道时车内压力变化过程。

The pressure wave induced by high-speed train passing through tunnels enters the cars by aperture, which brings serious influence on the passenger comfort, and so it is urgent to simulate the interior pressure fluctuation process in the lab to systematically research the relationship between pressure fluctuation and passenger tinnitus, which can provide scientific basis for making the human ear pressure comfort standard. Based on the fact that the interior pressure change is the integral of air flow in and out of the cars regarding time, a device that can simulate the interior pressure wave was designed, which mainly includes one roots blower, two sets of valve groups and relevant control units, and can alternately inhale and exhaust for the cars with variable volume flow, and make the interior pressure change curve obtained by model test simulation continuously approach that was measured by full-scale experiment. The model test results basically agree with those of full-scale experiment, which shows that this device can really simulate the interior pressure fluctuation process when a train passes through tunnels.