山东半岛生态环境承载力评价指标体系构建及应用研究

The construction and application of the index system of eco-environmental carrying capacity in Shandong peninsula

经济发展、工业化进程的加快,不可避免地对生态环境产生巨大影响,从而影响人与自然的和谐。生态环境承载力是可持续发展研究的重要应用方向,也是践行生态文明建设的具体体现。本文结合山东半岛生态环境现状和特点,依据指标体系建立的原则,将山东半岛生态环境承载力指标体系划分为自然环境、生态环境、人口环境和污染环境4类一级指标,每类一级指标各选择其典型二级指标构建了17项评价指标作为其评价体系,采用层次分析法(AHP)确定各个评价指标的权重,然后将模糊综合评价模型的理论和方法应用于山东半岛生态环境承载力的评价,对现阶段山东半岛6个城市的生态环境承载力做出了评价。评价结果为威海市生态环境承载力为Ⅰ级优,青岛、烟台、日照市为Ⅱ级良,潍坊市为Ⅲ级一般,东营市为Ⅳ级差,并对每个城市的生态环境承载力做了分析说明,以期为推进生态文明建设提供科学依据。

The accelerated process of urbanization and economy inevitably impacts the ecological environment,affects the function of traditional eco-environment,and destroys the harmony of human beings and nature.Eco-environmental bearing capacity is an important application direction of sustainable development research,and also the embodiment of the construction of ecological civilization.In this paper,the evaluation index system of eco-environmental carrying capacity of Shandong peninsula was established.In combination with actual conditions and characteristics based on the principle of establishing the evaluation index system,the evaluation index system was divided into four primary indexes：natural environment,ecological environment,population environment,and contaminated environment,and then the evaluation index system constructed 17 typical evaluation indexes as secondary indexes that we chose from the primary indexes,with the weight of each evaluation index determined by AHP.The authors adopted fuzzy comprehensive judgment to assess the eco-environment carrying capacity of six cities in Shandong peninsula at the present stage,and the results show that Weihai City is of the first rate,Qingdao,Yantai,Rizhao are of the second rate,Weifang City is of the third rate,and Dongying City is of the lowest rate.Based on the evaluation results and analysis of each city,the authors provide the scientific basis for the eco-civilization construction.