甘肃省会宁县贫困家庭和非贫困家庭0—6岁儿童看护人儿童保健知识水平现况调查

Survey on child health care knowledge among guardians with children aged 0-6 years old in Huining County of Gansu Province

目的了解甘肃省会宁县贫困家庭和非贫困家庭0—6岁儿童看护人儿童保健知识水平，为制定本地区儿童保健相关健康教育策略提供依据。方法在会宁县随机抽取6个乡镇作为调查地区，选取0—6岁的贫困家庭儿童看护人作为调查对象，同时选取同样数量的非贫困家庭儿童看护人作为对照，通过问卷调查和访谈的方式获得调查对象儿童保健知识知晓率和健康行为形成率。结果分别调查了会宁县贫困和非贫困家庭儿童看护人533人，两类家庭儿童看护人对国家基本公共卫生服务政策知晓率较高，对国家免费提供儿童保健服务和预防接种服务的知晓率均高于88．7％。两类家庭儿童看护人至少能识别3种以上儿童疾病／危险信号的比例分别为51．0％和50．3％。儿童看护人为儿童添加的辅食的时间分别是7．0和6．7月龄，儿童看护人关键节点（为孩子准备食物前和上厕所后）的洗手率为13．1％和17．8％，差异有统计学意义，使用肥皂加流水洗手的儿童看护人分别占1．1％和1．9％。结论会宁县应充分利用宣传资料、广播和电视等形式进行健康教育，提高贫困和非贫困家庭儿童看护人对妇幼保健核心知识的掌握，达到提高儿童健康水平的目的。

Objective To investigate the guardians＇ knowledge level of child health care of aged 0 to 6 years old in Huining County of Gansu Province, and to provide a basis for developing intervention measures of local health education of child health care. Methods Six towns in Huining County were randomly selected as the survey area, children＇ s guardians frompoor family will be selected if they have a child aged 0 to 6 years old, and select the same number children＇ s guardians from non-poor family as control group. We obtain the guardians＇ awareness rate of child health care knowledge and the formation rate of health behavior through questionnaires and interviews. Results Investigated 533 guardians from poor and non-poor family respectively. The awareness rate of national basic public health service policy answered by guardians from two typesof families was higher. The awareness rate of child care services and vaccination services provided free of charge was higher than 88.7%. But the rate of two types of family guardians can at least identify more than three kinds ot＇ diseases or dangerous signals are low （51.0%, 50. 3% ）. Guardians from two types of familiesadded complementary feeding time is respectively 7.0 and 6.7 months of age. The guardians hand washing rate at key points is 13.1% and 17.8%. The rate of guardians wash their hands with soap and water were very low （ 1.1%, 1.9% ）. Conclusion Huining County should make full use of promotional materials, radio and television and other forms of health education, to improve guardians awareness rate of core knowledge of maternal and child health care and imporove the health level of children.