电泳法制备TiO_2纳米阵列及其杂化太阳电池

TiO_2 Nanoarrays Prepared by the Electrophoresis and Their Hybrid Solar Cells

采用溶胶-凝胶电泳法,以在氧化铟锡(ITO)导电玻璃基底上的多孔阳极Al2O3膜为模板,通过改变TiO2前驱体溶胶的陈化时间,制得TiO2纳米棒与纳米管阵列。通过扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和电沉积I-t曲线对纳米棒和纳米管阵列进行了分析,阐述了纳米棒和纳米管的生长机理,解释了纳米棒和纳米管之间的转变是纳米结构生长速度与带电胶体粒子迁移速度相互竞争的结果。利用TiO2纳米棒和纳米管阵列与聚3-己基噻吩(P3HT)组装成杂化太阳电池,发现纳米阵列结构太阳电池相比其他结构的太阳电池效率更高;而纳米管阵列太阳电池比纳米棒阵列太阳电池性能更优,这得益于其更大的比表面积,可以承载更多的聚合物,并提供更大的分离界面。

TiO2 nanorod and nanotube arrays were prepared by the sol-gel eleetrophoresis throughchanging the aging time of the TiO2 precursor sol with the porous alumina membrane on the ITOconductive glass substrate as a template. The nanorods and nanotubes were analyzed by scanningelectron microscope, X-ray diffractometer and electrodeposition I-t curves. The growth mecha-nisms of nanorods and nanotubes were expounded. It was explained that the transformation be-tween nanorods and nanotubes was a result of the competition between the growth speed of thenanostructure and the migration speed of the charged sol particles. The hybrid solar cells werefabricated by using the TiO2 nanorod/nanotube arrays and P3HT. The efficiency of the solar ceilswith the nanoarrays is more than those of the other nanostructured solar cells. The solar cell withthe nanotube arrays has better performances than the solar cell with nanorod arrays. This is dueto its larger specific surface area to carry more polymers and provide greater separation interface.