司马迁、班固古今观之差异及其在文学思想上的体现

The Difference of Sima Qian and Ban Gu on the Concept of the Past and the Present and Its Reflection on Their Literary Theory

古今观作为一种重要的文化观念对人们的其他思想观念都有一定程度的影响。司马迁与班固在古今观念上有着明显的不同,这种差异同样在他们的文艺思想上有所体现。司马迁在其"究天人之际,通古今之变,成一家之言"的著史目的下,坚持了等视古今的态度,而在文艺思想上对传统有所继承更有所革新;生活在经学极盛时期的班固则受经学崇古思想影响较深,尽管他也能在一定程度上坚持史家的理性态度,肯定后世文学的发展,但其文艺思想的保守性明显更为突出。

The concept of the past and the present as an important culture concept can affect people＇ s other ideas in a certain degree. Sima Qian and Ban Gu are significantly different on the concept of the past and the present. The difference also reflected in their literary thought, ＂Exploring the relationship between God and man, familiar with ancient and modem changes, to become their own original remarks. ＂ under such a purpose, Sima Qian insisted impartial view of the ancient and the contemporary. So he not only inherited the traditional art which is innovative in terms of ideology. Ban lived in Confucianism heyday, so he accepted the idea of a respected classical antiquity. Despite he insisted on rational attitude in some extent, and approved the development of future generations of literature, in fact his literary ideas are very conservative.