消费合同与商事合同中格式条款的立法规制研究

Study on Legislative Regulation of Standard Terms in Consumption Contract and Commercial Contract

格式条款的产生带来了商品交易的快捷和标准化,同时也不可避免地破坏了合同自由,因此各国均以立法方式对格式条款的使用进行了限制。在立法规制上,针对消费合同与商事合同是否区别对待,出现了统一立法、单独立法以及混合式三种情形。我国《合同法》和《消费者权益保护法》均对格式条款进行了规定,属混合式立法,在具体适用中应灵活解释"特别法优于一般法"的原则并予以遵循。

Standard terms make the commodity transaction become faster and more standardized, at the same time, they inevitably bring much damage to the freedom of contract, so all countries limit the use of standard terms by way of legislation. In the legislative regulation, in view of whether to make a distinction between consumption contract and commercial contract, there are three different modes containing the uniformed legislation, the separated legislation and the mixed type. In China, both Contract Law and Consumer Protection Law have made some provisions on standard terms, belonging to the mixed type. We should make a flexible understanding a- bout the principle of ＂special law is superior to common law＂ and follow it.