硫酸锌对生长猪摄食和生长的影响

Effects of Zinc Sulfate on Feed Intake and Growth of Growing Pigs

本试验旨在研究硫酸锌对生长猪摄食的影响及其促生长效果.试验选用120头体重相近的“杜×长×大”三元杂交猪,随机分成4组（对照组及试验组Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ）,每组3个重复,每个重复10头（公母各占1/2）,分别饲喂添加60、300、1 000和3 000 mg/kg锌（硫酸锌）的基础饲粮.试验期16 d.结果表明：与对照组相比,1）各试验组平均日增重均显著提高（P＜0.05）,料重比均显著下降（P＜0.05）.2）试验组Ⅲ7～16 d和试验组Ⅱ13 ～ 16 d平均日采食量显著升高（P＜0.05）.3）试验组Ⅲ粗蛋白质消化率显著提高（P＜0.05）,试验组Ⅲ和试验组Ⅱ粗纤维消化率显著降低（P＜0.05）.4）试验组Ⅲ和试验组Ⅱ血清免疫球蛋白G（IgG）和免疫球蛋白M（IgM）含量显著升高（P＜0.05）.5）试验组Ⅲ十二指肠淀粉酶和脂肪酶活性显著升高（P＜0.05）.6）试验组Ⅲ和试验组Ⅱ十二指肠和空肠绒毛高度及绒毛高度/隐窝深度增高（P＜0.05）,隐窝深度降低（P＜0.05）.7）试验组Ⅲ血浆胃泌素、胰岛素和神经肽Y含量显著提高（P＜0.05）.由此可见,饲粮中添加高剂量硫酸锌可增强生长猪免疫功能,改善肠黏膜形态,促进消化酶分泌,提高养分表观消化率,调节胃泌素、胰岛素和神经肽Y分泌,进而促进生长猪采食,达到改善生长性能的作用.

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of zinc sulfate on feed intake and growth of growing pigs.A total of 120 cross-bred （Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshine） pigs with similar body weight were randomly divided into 4 groups （control group,trial groups Ⅰ,1Ⅱ and Ⅲ）,each of which included 3 replicates of 10 pigs （half males and half females）.These 4 groups received the same basal diet supplemented with 60,300,1 000 or 3 000 mg/kg of zinc （as ZnSO4 · 7H2O）,respectively.The experiment lasted 16 days.The results showed as follows：compared with the control group,1） diet supplemented with zinc sulfate significantly improved average daily gain and decreased the ratio of feed to gain （P＜0.05） ; 2） average daily feed intake at 7 to 16 days in trial group Ⅲ and 13 to 16 days in trial group lⅡ was significantly increased （P＜0.05） ; 3） the apparent digestibility of crude protein in trial group Ⅲ was significantly increased （P＜0.05）,and the apparent digestibility of crude fiber in trial groups Ⅲ and Ⅱ was significantly decreased （P＜0.05） ; 4） the contents of serum IgG and IgM were significantly improved in trial groups Ⅲ and Ⅱ （P＜ 0.05） ; 5） the activities of amylase and lipase in duodenum were significantly increased in the trial group Ⅲ （P＜0.05） ; 6） the pigs in trial groups Ⅲ and Ⅱ had higher villous length and villous length/crypt depth as well as lower crypt depth of duodenum and jejunum （P＜0.05） ; 7） the contents of plasma gastrin,insulin and neuropeptide Y of pigs in trial group Ⅲ were significantly increased （P＜0.05）.The results of this study indicate that the addition of high level of zinc sulfate can improve feed intake and growth performance of pigs through enhancing immunity and nutrient apparent digestibility,protecting intestinal mucosal morphology and stimulating the secretion of digestive enzymes,gastrin,insulin and neuropeptide Y.