进城农民工社会融入过程中的“过客心态”分析

Analysis of the Migrant Workers' Passenger Mindset during the Social Integration Process

本文在当前国家实施城镇化战略及农民工作为城市重要人力资源的背景下,聚焦于农民工在城市社会融入过程中出现的"过客心态"这一现象,抓住其背后无法充分融入城市这一本质问题进行探究。在描述性统计分析的基础上,总结了农民工"过客心态"所表现出的城市归属感低,城市定居意愿不强,社会互动差,文娱活动单一以及社保参与力度小等五类现象。在相关理论基础上,分析了农民工进城以经济目的为主,受到城市居民排斥,社保制度不健全以及农民工生活能力不足等四方面导致"过客心态"的原因。提出逐渐改革二元户籍制度,完善农民工各项社保具体政策,加强农民工社会能力培养以及对城市居民进行宣传引导的相关政策建议。

The study focuses on the migrant workers＇ mental phenomena--- ＇passenger mindset＇ during the social integration process, and explores the core problem behind the phenomena that the migrant workers can＇ t truly integrate into the cities under the background of the country＇ s strategy of urbanization and the background that the migrant workers are important human resources in the cities. Based on the descriptive statistical analysis, we summarize five aspects of the ＇passenger mindset＇ ： low sense of belonging of the city, low desire of settlement, weak social interaction, singular entertainments and the weak participation of the social security. On the basis ofrelevant theories, the reasons ofthe ＇passengermindset＇ can be considered from four points including the economic purpose of entering the city, the reject from the citizens, the not sound social security system and the weak self-ability of migrant workers. We also give some policy advices for reducing the phenomena at the end including the gradual reform of the household registration system, improving the specific social security policies of migrant workers, strengthening the social ability of migrant workers and the propaganda guide to the citizens.