孙中山民权主义的宪政考量

Examining Sun Yat- sen's Civil Rights Doctrine According to the Principle of Constitutionalism

孙中山的民权主义,包含着某些宪政因素,但与宪政的要求相去甚远。19世纪末叶的中国已经沦为半殖民地半封建社会,摆在中国人民面前的主要任务不是从事国家建设,而是驱逐外国势力和推翻封建帝制,为建立新国家扫清障碍,由此决定了主要服务于当前革命运动的民权主义不可能遵循宪政的逻辑。不过民权主义中关于未来中国政治制度的目标设定,仍具有相当的宪政意义。

Sun Yat-sen’s civil rights doctrine is far away from the requirement of constitutionalism,though it contains some constitutional factors.The end of the 19th century,the Chinese society has been reduced to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society,the main task of the Chinese people is not engaged in national construction,but the expulsion of foreign powers and overthrow the feudal monarchy,clear the way for establishing a new nation,which determines the civil rights doctrine can only be in the service of the current revolutionary movement and impossible to follow the logic of constitutionalism.But the provisions of the civil rights doctrine about the future of the constitutional China still have the constitutional significance.