“党”“国”之间：论国青合作之形成(1931-1938)

Between Party and Nation: On the Formation of Cooperation between the Chinese Youth Party and Kuomingtang during 1931—1938

青年党曾经长期与国民党处于紧张对立状态。九一八事变爆发后,青年党主动调适,提出"政党休战"的主张,这成为青年党政策调整的起点。1933年,以左舜生为代表的青年党再次妥协并得到国民党的积极回应。"庐山会谈"开启了两党领袖沟通的渠道,"南京谈判"则奠定了合作的基础,此后双方来往频繁,在反共基础上实现初步合作。西安事变及曾、左、李奉化之行则使两党关系密切化。此后两党通过国防参议会这些架构在抗战初期形成事实上的合作抗日局面。1938年蒋、左互致信函,国青合作正式形成。在这一过程中,国难与反共是两党合作的基础,而"宪政"与"训政"之分则是合作的主要障碍。双方均在自身利益与国族利益之间权衡博弈,最终在"党""国"之间寻获大致平衡,共同步入抗战建国的历史进程中。

The relationship between the Chinese Youth Party（CYP）and the Kuomingtang（KMT）was strained for a long time.After the September 18th Incident,the CYP began to adjust its policy and appealed that all the parties in China should stop struggling with each other.In 1933,the CYP continued the comprise with the KMT,which received positive response from the latter.The“Lushan Talks”opened the communication channel between the two parties.And the preliminary cooperation was realized until the“Nanjing Negotiation”.After the Xi’an Incident and the talk between the chief leaders of two parties in Fenghua,the relationship tended to be even closer.In 1937,the CYP was invited to take part in the National Defense Council, which led to an entire cooperation of the two parties.Then came the formal cooperation after the exchange of letters among the leaders.National calamity and anti-communist was the basis of cooperation.And the main obstacle of cooperation lies in the distinguishment between the constitutionalism and political tutelage.Both sides pursued not only the party interests but also the national interests.In the end,the balance between the national and party interests was reached,the two parties entered together into the anti-Japanese national united front.