公益诉讼:社会保障权救济的新路径

Public Interest Litigation:A New Way of Remedy of Right to Social Security

社会保障权是社会成员从国家和社会获得基本物质条件或相关服务、保障其基本生活水准和维护人之尊严的权利。社会保障权以社会本位为价值目标,社会保障权具有公益属性。传统三大诉讼救济社会保障权存在障碍,公益诉讼作为维护社会公共利益之诉,在诉讼目标、功能、原告资格与民主法治精神方面与社会保障权救济具有契合性。社会保障权公益诉讼需扩大原告资格与受案范围,赋予当事人诉权,合理分担举证责任与诉讼费用,构建激约机制,运用多元化的法律责任,充分发挥法官的司法能动作用。

The right to social security is social members＇ rights access to basic material conditions or related services from the state and society to protect the rights of their basic living standards and maintain the dignity of the person. Right to social security values the goal of social standard and has public property. Three tradi tional litigations obstacles to the remedy of right to social security and public interest litigation as a public in terest appeal are compatible with remedy of the right to social security in litigation objectives, functions, plain tiff qualification, democracy and the rule of law. Social security public interest litigation needs to expand the plaintiff qualification and the scope of accepting cases, give the parties litigation right, reasonably share the burden of proof and litigation costs, construct incentive and restraint mechanism, use variety of legal liability, and fully play the role of a judge＇ s judicial activism.