启蒙·国民性·革命：从《呐喊》《彷徨》重估鲁迅思想价值

Enlightenment,Nationality,and Revolution:Re-evaluation of Lu Xun's Thought in Light of Cry to Arms and Wandering

启蒙、国民性与革命者三个问题一直以来是鲁迅研究的重要切入点,对这三个方面的过度强调,使我们把批判的矛头指向了阿Q这样的"愚弱"国民,从而忽略了鲁迅对于知识精英们的不满。鲁迅的伟大,并不在于他批判了多少不能自我言说、连圈都画不圆的阿Q,批判了多少目不识丁的"看客",而在于他在那个激情澎湃的年代,以冷静的理性思维,挑战着知识精英们的话语霸权,揭穿了启蒙现代性的神话,以及在现代启蒙神话裹挟下的盲目"革命"的冲动。

Enlightenment, nationality and revolution have always been the topics for anyone who would like to study Lu Xun. However, the excessive ＂foolish and weak＂ nationality-- emphasis on these three topics make us pay too much attention to criticizing the people like Ah-Q, so that Lu Xun＇s discontent with intellectual elites are neglected. Lu Xun＇s greatness lies not only in how much he criticized people like Ah-Q or illiterate ＂onlookers＂ who did not know what they were talking about and could not even draw circles; Rather, with his calm and rational thinking, he challenged intellectual elites＇ discourse hegemony and debunked the myth of enlightening modernity as well as the blind ＂revolutionary＂ impulse misled by the myth in an age full of passion and fury.