当代西方恐怖主义激进化研究主要路径述评

On the Study Methods of Contemporary Terrorist Radicalization in the West

在反恐形势紧迫性和复杂性不断升级的今天,加深对于恐怖主义的产生和发展过程的认识,探索遏止本土恐怖主义的有效手段,是当代反恐相关研究的一大重要议题。对此,当代西方恐怖主义研究引入"激进化"概念,围绕恐怖分子"识别"和恐怖激进化过程的"干预"两个核心问题,在过去十年时间中,该研究领域涌现出大量的理论和研究路径。按照主体选择和研究侧重点的不同,这些研究路径大体可以划分为微观、中观两类,两个层面研究路径之间存在关联和共鸣,后进理论总是在试图解决前人研究的某一方面不足的基础上形成。而架构理论作为综合了中微观两个层面研究优点的研究路径,能够相对较好地回答恐怖主义激进化研究的核心问题。

With the escalation of the urgency and complexity of anti-terrorism, it becomes an important study regarding how terrorism emerged and developed, and what might be the efficient means to combat against domestic terrorism. Thereupon, the term ＂radicalization＂ was coined. Revolving around the two concepts ＂identification＂ of terrorists and ＂intervention＂ in the process of terrorist radicalization, many study methods and theories emerged in the past ten years. Based on the selection of research subject and focus, those studies can be roughly divided into two types： micro and macro, but combinations and interactions exist in between. The post-radical theory is always trying to resolve the problems left by previous studies in certain aspects, whereas structuralism has combined the strength of different research methods and, therefore, can relatively better answer the essential issues in the study of terrorist radicalization.