公民权与政治权利的伸张与妥协——兼论美国第13～15条宪法修正案的相互关系

Compromised Claims to Civil Rights and Political Rights

美国内战与重建时期,依托影响力强大的政治力量与时代的主题,美国公民的公民权与政治权利,通过第13~15条宪法修正案渐次得以伸张。但是,这一过程是在与反民主的政治与社会势力的强烈对抗与冲突中完成的,以一次次的政治妥协为结果,反映出那个时代的社会心理背景和进步中的退步。

In Civil War and Reconstruction America, American citizens＇ claim to freedom and civil rights as well as political rights were settled by compromises through the Thirteenth Amendment, the Fourteenth Amendment, the Fifteenth Amendment, to the United States Constitution, which reflected constant conflicts between two antagonistic forces. One was the dominant political power at that point; another represented the mainstream culture and spirit of that society. Only can we better understand this progress backwards, ie, the political comprises, by probing into the historical background in terms of political and social psychology.