教育研究的问题意识

On Problem Consciousness in Educational Research

人类是通过知识的生产、积累和传承,才得以解决自己所面对的问题的。当知识生产达到一定程度时,如何保存和传承知识就成为一个极为重要的问题。学科是人类对已获知识的一种组织形式。学科一旦定型,其结构就具有保守的特点并与实践相对脱节。当前学术界的一种不良学风是仅从学科体系所提供的一套概念范畴、公式原理、理论观点出发,在自己设定的领地里自说自话,使问题演变成研究者头脑中的思辨之物,最终隐匿了问题。为了把学科与问题、研究者与行动者连接起来,应当构建一种中观性理论作为桥梁。中观性理论是由研究者和行动者通过一种合作共同体的形式共同建构起来的理论范式,它要求研究者在选择和解决问题时,应当强调微观化的研究对象、目光向下的研究视角、不确定的问题边界和"他者"的研究立场。

People solve the problems they face by the production, accumulation and inheritance of knowledge. When knowledge production reaches a certain degree, how to preserve and inherit the knowledge will become a very important issue. Discipline is a kind of organizing form of knowledge that people have already attained. Once a discipline is fixed, its structure will be with the feature of conservation and relatively divorce from practice. At present, there is a kind of harmful study style, that is, researchers only start from a set of conceptual category, formulas and principles, and theoretical perspectives provided by discipline system to say to themselves in the field set by themselves, therefore, the problems were evolved into the speculative things of researchers＂ mind, and were ultimately hidden. In order to connect discipline with problem, and researcher with actor, a Madhyamika Theory as the bridge should be constructed. The Madhyamika Theory is a kind of theoretical paradigm co-constructed by the researcher and actor with the form of cooperative community. The theory requires that researchers should focus on microcosmic research object, be with downward research perspective, and emphasize the uncertain problem border and research standpoint of ＂the other＂ when choosing and resolving problems.