美国当代进步主义取向教育改革的坚守与变通——“要素学校联盟”研究

The Persistence and Adaptations of the Contemporary American Progressivism-oriented Education Reform——A Study on "Coalition of Essential Schools"

"要素学校联盟"是美国当前进步主义教育取向的学校改革组织,它试图坚守传统进步教育的儿童中心、综合课程、社会适应等种种重要主张及其在实践中的大力推行,体现了进步主义教育思想和实践的当代发展,展示了其坚守的一面。同时,作为在保守主义执政时代的生存和发展着的学校联合组织,其思想主张也要迎合美国当前主流改革的需要,在多方面进行调整和变通。要素学校联盟在教育改革问题上的23项建议,涉及目标与评价、课程与教材、教学与管理、学生与教师、教育资源利用五大领域,充分体现了其既坚守又变通的灵活姿态。

Coalition of Essential Schools （CES） is a progressive education-oriented school reform organization in the U.S. On one hand, it tries to adhere to the important propositions of Progressivism Education, such as children-orientation, integrated curriculum, social adjustment, etc., and puts them into practice. On the other hand, as the joint organization of schools in the era of the Conservatism, it is very important for them to meet the need of mainstream reform in the country. The 23 recommendations on education reform by CES refer to five major areas in education such as teaching objectives and evaluation, curriculum and teaching materials, teaching and management, students and teachers, resource utilization, which fully reflect CES＇ s flexible attitude both persistence and adaptations.