部分菊属植物及其近缘种的胚拯救与杂种鉴定

Embryo Rescue and Hybrids Identification among Species and Cultivars of Chrysanthemum and Its Related Genera

为了提高菊花远缘杂交育种效率,对3个常规杂交育种方法难以获得杂种后代的组合：甘菊ב蝶影’、小红菊×甘菊以及矶菊×太行菊进行幼胚拯救,并对获得的杂种进行了AFLP分子早期鉴定和形态学鉴定。结果表明,3个常规有性杂交难以或仅能获得较少杂种的杂交组合,通过幼胚拯救均可获得杂种后代,极大地提高了育种效率。较适宜的幼胚拯救时期为授粉后16-24 d;较适宜的培养基为MS＋BA1.5 mg·L-1＋NAA2.0 mg·L-1;AFLP及形态学鉴定证实了杂种的真实性。

We studied embryo rescue and hybrid identification of three cross combinations （Chrysanthemum lavandulifoliumxC. morifolium ＇Die Ying＇, C. chanetiixC, lavandulifolium, Ajania pacifica Opisthopappus taihangensis ） to select the interspecies hybrid between chrysanthemurn efficiently. The offspring of these three combinations could only be obtained by embryo rescue rather than conventional cross breeding. The best time for embryo rescue was 16-24 days after pollination. MS medium supplemented with BA 1.5 mg/L and NAA 2.0 mg/L was the optimal medium for germination and growth. AFLP and morphological analysis proved the reliability of the hybrids.