湖北神农架川金丝猴食物营养的季节性特征

Macronutrient Seasonal Changing on Snub-nosed Monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana) Diet in Shennongjia National Nature Reserve,China

探讨了川金丝猴(Rhinopithecus roxellana)对食物选择与食物营养成分间的关系,分析了不同季节川金丝猴在营养摄取上的响应策略。在湖北神农架千家坪地区设置临时观测点,采集不同季节川金丝猴的食源植物,测定和分析其粗蛋白、粗脂肪、酸性洗涤纤维以及灰分质量分数。结果表明:川金丝猴的食源植物中粗蛋白的含量在春季最高,其后呈现下降趋势;粗纤维的含量比较稳定,在春、夏、秋3季变化幅度较小,仅在春季含量低于粗蛋白,在其他季节均高于其余几种营养成分。川金丝猴倾向于选择高蛋白质和低纤维素的植物作为食物。食源植物和食物的充分与否呈现季节性变化的规律,使得川金丝猴在营养摄入方面具有季节性特征。

We analyzed the macronutrient data collected separately in spring, summer and autumn over three years from leaves and fruits of plant species available as food for the snub-nosed monkey in Shennongjia National Nature Reserve, China. We measured the nutritional components including crude protein （CP）, crude lipid （CL）, acid detergent fiber （ADF）, ash （ ASH）, and protein-to-fiber ratio （PFR）. The food choice of Rhinopithecus roxellana across the year does fit the protein to fiber model, but had a seasonal shift in response to the change of diet macronutrients. The protein content in the diet food decreased from spring to autumn, but the fiber amount almost was a fixed level. Therefore, though fruits join in the diets of the monkeys in summer and autumn, there is still a tendency of the diet nutrients of higher PFR in spring than in summer and autumn. The food choice of R. roxellana is in response to the nutrient chemistry of a plant species in a certain season.