露、霜、结冰天气现象综合判别

A Study of Comprehensive Discrimination of Dew,Frost and Freezing

通过自动气象站的连续观测资料,结合人工观测的天气现象,根据露、霜、结冰的成因筛选出符合条件的基本指标作为综合判据。选取气温、相对湿度、地面温度、草面温度和近地面温度作为主要因子,综合考虑降水和天气状况对这些天气现象形成的影响。采用两个气象观测站的分钟观测资料以及人工观测天气现象记录进行统计分析。经过初选因子和精选指标,利用多要素的组合方法,提炼出自然状态下出现露、霜、结冰现象的综合判别指标,获得了较好效果,拟合率在80%以上。为进一步认识这些天气现象的发生和变化规律提供参考,也能为天气现象观测自动化提供依据。

The weather conditions for dew,frost,and freezeing formation under the natural environment are studied to explore discrimination indexes with practical significance.By means of continuous observation data from automatic weather stations,combined with the artificially observed weather phenomena records,based on the research findings on the formation causes of dew,frost,and freezing,the basic indicators qualified as a comprehensive criterion （air temperature,relative humidity,ground temperature,air grass surface temperature,and near-surface air temperature） are selected as the main factors,considering the influence of rainfall and weather conditions on the formation of these weather phenomena.The minute-to-minute observations and artificially observed weather phenomena records of two stations are used for statistical analysis.After factor selection and indicator determination,by means of the multi-element combination method,the discrimination indexes of dew,frost,and freezing occurrence under the natural environment are extracted,which are satisfactory with a fitting rate of above 80％.These indexes can be used to provide references for further understanding of the occurrence and variation regularities of these weather phenomena to provide the reference and the basis for automatic weather phenomena observation.