经济贫困对大学生社会支持的影响:性别的调节效应

Poverty and Social Support of College Students: The Moderating Effect of Gender

采用2×2的两因素实验设计及双因素方差分析的方法,以性别为调节变量,研究经济贫困与大学生社会支持的关系,并采用社会支持评定量表对587名大学生进行问卷调查。结果表明:①经济贫困对大学生社会支持的整体水平无显著影响,且性别的调节效应也不显著;②经济贫困对大学生的客观支持水平有显著影响,且性别的调节效应显著,即男贫困大学生的客观支持水平显著高于男非贫困大学生、女贫困大学生;③经济贫困对大学生的主观支持无显著影响,且性别的调节效应也不显著;④经济贫困对大学生的支持利用度有显著影响,但性别的调节效应不显著,即女大学生的支持利用度显著高于男大学生。

Social support is one of the most effective means by which people can cope with stressful events. A survey of 587 college students examined whether there are differences in how poor college students utilize their social support. Results from Two-Way Analysis of Variance show that： ① in general, poverty makes no significant difference to the gender in social support and the moderating effect of gender is not remarkable;②there is a significant influence of poverty on college students at an objective support level and the moderating effect of gender is obvious, namely, the objective support to poor male students is remarkably higher than to poor female students and non-poverty male students;③poverty makes no significant difference to gender on subjective social support;④poverty has a remarkable influence on utilization of support of college students, but the moderating effect does not; that is, poor female college students make higher use of the social support than non-poverty male students.