诌议农民工市民化的内涵

Research on Connotation of Peasant Workers' Citizenization

随着改革的深化,城乡分割的二元制度逐渐松动,农民可以畅通无阻的进入城市就业,成为农民工。然而,农民工在城市中长期处于"半城市化"状态,既不利于我国城市化进程,又为社会安定埋下隐患。农民工市民化有三个层次的内涵,其中,深层市民化是核心、中层市民化是过程、表层市民化是目的和结果,这三个层次的市民化同时受到制度、政策以及市民态度等外部因素的影响。要积极寻求制度创新,实现农民工与市民平等的就业权,按照权利与义务对等的原则实现农民工的公平待遇,同时加强对农民工的正面宣传,消除农民工与市民的心理隔阂,并增加对农民工的教育培训以提高其综合素质,在充分尊重农民工意愿基础上,给予他们更多的市民化选择空间。

With the deepening of reformation, the dual system of urban-rural division is loosened gradually. Peasants can enter cities to work as peasant workers without any obstructions. Yet, they have been in a semi-urbanisation status for a long time, which is neither good to our country＇s urbanization nor advantageous to social stability. This paper analyses the connotation of peasant workers＂ citizenization from three levels, pointing out that the deep layer of peasant workers＂ citizenization is the kernel, the interlayer is the course, and the surface layer is the aim and result. All of the three layers are influenced by institutions, policies and community attitude. It is very important for us to seek institutional innovations to make peasant workers have the equal employment rights with citizens, to give the peasant workers fair and equitable treatment according to principle of equity of rights and obligations, to broadcast peasant workers in positive ways to eliminate the psychological barrier between peasant workers and citizens, to enforce education and training for peasant workers to enhance their overall quality, and to give them more choices on the basis of their wills.