熊十力“道器不二”的治化论思想研究

On Xiong's Theory about Social Administration Based on “Oneness of Tao and Specific Instruments”

熊十力"道器不二"的治化论,是其人生论的进一步推扩,也是他建构之新儒学中的外王学。他指出:儒家治制立基于"性",倡导德治,西方治制立基于"欲",倡导法治;西方治制囿于形躯之欲,仅以富强为鹄的,徒尚功利而争竞不息,儒家治制具有天地一体之宏量,追求内在于己的性分之乐,而又不轻视富强。熊十力试图通过"以性摄欲"来融合中西治制,以收取长补短之效。然而他视"性"和"欲"是相互乖离的,这乖离使"性"之体无从开出"欲"之用。

Xiong ’ s theory about social administration based on “oneness of Tao and specific instruments” is a natu-ral extension of his doctrine on livelihood in the political field .In Xiong Shili ’ s Neo-Confucianist eye , since the western way of social administration is confined to sensual desires , it aims at seeking after material prosperity and encourages competence;on the other hand , Confucianism ’ s way of social administration just agrees with the spirit of Heaven , it aims to arouse the happiness rooted in the “Heavenly nature” embedded in every individual without ignoring the importance of material prosperity .Xiong tries to synthesize the Chinese and western ways of social ad-ministration by “subordinating desire to Heavenly nature” so as to make the two traditions complementary to each other.However, in the early stage of his intellectual evolution ,“Heavenly nature” and“human desire” are some-what isolated from each other , and this just prevents one from approving the righteousness of “desire” as a manifes-tation of “Heavenly nature”.