西方犯罪文学中的科学因素分析

Analysis on Scientific Elements in Western Crime Fiction

近十几年来,北欧的小说家们推动的犯罪小说的复兴引起了文学界的普遍关注。对于犯罪文学中是否存在科学因素以及具体表现的研究,引起了学者们的重视。犯罪文学的文类属于文学,其下又可细分为侦探小说、悬疑小说、硬汉小说、警察程序小说、犯罪惊悚小说、历史性侦探小说等。从对典型的三种犯罪文学样式中科学因素的具体表现考察分析后得出结论:犯罪文学中科学的因素贯穿始终,但原因和目的并非为了科学本身,而主要在于文学自身:增强艺术感染力,提升作者在文学界的地位等。

The past decades has seen a resurgence of crime fiction in some northern European countries,like Sweden, Norway and Fin- land. The importance of crime fiction in the literary world regarding the scientific elements has again come into view of many critics. It can be subdivided into detective stories, thrillers, hard - boiled fiction, and police procedural and historical. On the basis of an analysis of categories of genre for the crime fiction, the present paper aims at an analysis of scientific elements in the genre. First they are ad- dressed in The Gold - Bug, a novel written by Edgar Allan Poe, and then in Study in Scarlet by Arthur Conan Doyle, and lastly in the se- ries by one of most important Swedish women author, named by Asa Nilsonne. Then the paper comes to a conclusion that Science is always present in crime fiction for a major purpose for plot development and for the author＇ s intention as well, instead of for the benefit of itself, i. e. scientific promotion.