三株野生大型真菌对孔雀石绿的脱色作用及其脱色条件

Three species of wild macrofungi with decolorization of malachite green and their decolorization conditions

为了消除或降低孔雀石绿染料的污染,从50余种野生大型真菌中筛选到3种对孔雀石绿染料有较强脱色作用的菌株即落叶松附毛孔菌、粘小奥德蘑和皱盖囊皮菌。采用单因素和正交设计试验探索了优选菌株落叶松附毛孔菌的培养基组成和脱色条件。结果显示其最佳发酵培养基组成为马铃薯20%、玉米汁2%、KH2PO4 0.3%、MgSO4?7H2O 0.15%;最佳脱色条件为染料初始浓度100mg/L、发酵液用量6mL、Mg2+浓度6mmol/L、pH6.0、温度50℃、摇床振荡速度150r/min。此条件下对孔雀石绿染料脱色1h,脱色率可达92.6%,其中Fe2+对脱色有很强的抑制作用。发酵液脱色受热、pH和Fe2+影响,推测,落叶松附毛孔菌对孔雀石绿脱色的活性成分可能是漆酶。

To eliminate or reduce the pollution of malachite green dye, three species with stronger decolorization of malachite green were screened from 50 species of wild macrofungi. They are Trichaptum laricinum, Oudemansiella mucida, and Cystoderma amianthinum. The optimal medium composition and decolorization conditions for the best strain Trichaptum laricinum were investigated using the single factor and orthogonal design experiments. Results showed that its optimal fermentation medium was composed of potato 20%, corn juice 2%, KH2PO4 0.3%, MgSO4.7H20 0.15%. The optimal decolorization conditions were 100mg/L of initial concentrations of dye, 6mL of fermented liquid content, 6mmol/L of Mg2＋ concentration, 6.0 of pH, 50℃ of temperature, and 150r/min of oscillating speed of shaker. Under such conditions, the decolorization rate reached 92.6% within 1h. Fe2＋ had a strong inhibitory effect of decolorization.