不同氮肥运筹模式对杂交水稻川香9838物质生产及产量的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on Dry Matter Production and Yield Formation in Hybrid Rice Cultivar Chuanxiang 9838

为明确不同氮肥运筹模式对杂交水稻川香9838物质生产及产量的影响,以杂交水稻品种川香9838为试材,设置3种施氮量(A1:7kg/667m2;A2:10kg/667m2;A3:13kg/667m2)和4种氮肥施用方式(底肥∶分蘖肥∶穗肥分别为:B1:7∶3∶0;B2:6∶0∶4;B3:8∶0∶2),研究不同氮肥运筹模式对川香9838茎蘖生长、物质积累及产量形成的影响。结果表明,随着施氮量增加,各生育时期的分蘖数增加,成穗率以A2>A1>A3,抽穗期和成熟期的干物质积累量均明显增加,收获指数以A2>A1>A3,产量则先升后降,以施氮量10kg/667m2时产量最高,平均为651.59kg/667m2。穗肥的施用能显著提高川香9838的产量,基蘖肥与穗肥的比例为6∶4时产量最高,施氮总量为7kg/667m2、10kg/667m2、13kg/667m2时产量分别为620.81kg/667m2、651.59kg/667m2、636.18kg/667m2,穗肥于幼穗分化3期施用为宜。

To explore the effects of nitrogen fertilizer management on dry matter production and yield formation in hybrid rice cultivar Chuanxiang 9838,using the hybrid rice cultivar Chuanxiang 9838 as experimental material,the authors designed three kinds of N applications and four nitrogen management methods,to carry out the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer management patterns on stem tillers growth,dry matter accumulation and yield formation.Results：as N application rate increased,the tiller numbers per area at different growth stage increased,the rate of productive tillers were A2 〉 A1〉 A3,the dry matter accumulation at heading and maturing stage were significantly increased,harvest index were A2 〉 A1 〉A3,the yield first increased and then decreased,and reached the highest yield 651.59 kg/m^2 on average when the N application rate was 10 kg/667 m^2.Application of panicle fertilizer can significantly increase the yield,the highest yield came out when the ratio of basal and tiller fertilizer to panicle fertilizer was 6：4.The yield reached 620.81 kg/667m^2,651.59 kg/667m^2 and 636.18 kg/667m^2 respectively when N application amount was 7 kg/667m^2,10 kg/667m^2 and 13 kg/667m^2,and it was optimum to apply earing fertilizer in the third stage of panicle differentiation period.