高加索的枪声——莱蒙托夫和契诃夫笔下的两场决斗

The Shots in Caucasus——Two Duels in Lermontov's and Chekhov's Works

莱蒙托夫和契诃夫是俄罗斯文学史上的两位大家,他们的创作主题和人物形象对于后辈作家有着巨大的开创意义,同时他们的作品本身也暗藏着潜在的精神联系。本文选取两位作家的代表作《当代英雄》和《决斗》为例,研究他们共同使用的"高加索"和"决斗"这两个主题,分析人物各自承担的叙事功能。借助这两部作品的比较,可以揭示出19世纪前半期和后半期分别来到高加索的俄国知识分子形象发生了什么样的变化,以及他们的思想行为反映出来的时代特征。

Lermontov and Chekhov are two masters in the history of Russian literature. Their literary themes and characters are of pioneering significance to future writers ; meanwhile, in their works themselves is concealed a potential connection in spirit. This paper takes as examples A Hero of Our Time and The Duel -- the representative works of the two authors respectively -- to examine the two themes of “Caucasus” and “duel” adopted in both of the two works, and analyze the narrative functions performed by the characters in the works. Through a comparison between the two works, this paper reveals the differences between the images of the Russian intellectuals who came to Caucasus in the first half of the 19th century and the images of those who did in the second half of the 19th century, and the characteristics of the era reflected by their ideas and behaviors.