年龄、身体形象和风险信息因素对女性乳腺癌患者手术治疗方式选择的影响

Effect of age, body figure and risk information in making treatment decision for female patients with breast cancer

目的 探讨年龄差异、身体形象和风险信息对女性乳腺癌患者手术治疗方式决策的影响.方法 选择两组健康女性样本,一组为18～24岁本科在校学生60人,一组为35～60岁社区健康体检女性60人,受试者拟想自己身患乳腺癌,在获得相关保乳手术和乳房切除术的治疗信息后,选择手术治疗方式,并注明选择理由.结果 年轻与年长女性对身体形象关注度不同,影响对手术治疗方式的选择;面对风险信息,年长女性不太可能选择保乳手术.结论 年龄及对身体形象的关注度影响患者对保乳手术和乳房切除术的选择;风险信息对治疗选择没有直接影响,但风险信息对年轻和年长女性的影响不同.医务人员应为乳腺癌患者提供适龄的有关治疗选择的科学信息,确保治疗方案决策过程中患者的积极参与,同时应关注对治疗手段影响身体形象有不同顾虑程度的患者.

Objective To determine the effect of age,body figure and risk framing in making treatment decision for female patients with breast cancer.Methods Two groups of healthy female：one group of 60 female ages 18-24 from undergraduate student and the other group of 60 female ages 35-60 from the university community.Healthy women imagined that they had been diagnosed with breast cancer and received information regarding lumpectomy versus mastectomy and recurrence rates.Participants indicated whether they would choose lumpectomy or mastectomy and reasons.Results The different concern levels of body appearance between younger and older women influences treatment selection of lumpectomy versus mastectomy.Facing the risk information,older women were unlikely to select the breast conserving operation.Conclusions The factors of age and the attention to body figure would effect the choice of breast conserving operation or mastectomy.Risk information on the selection of treatment would not affected directly,but the effects of risk information on younger and older female is different.Nurses should provide the age-appropriate information who recently have been diagnosed with breast cancer regarding treatment alternatives to ensure their active participation in the decision-making process,female who have different levels of investment in body figure also may have different concerns about treatment,and should be alert on empathetic of such concerns.