猪肌肉生长抑制素基因和肌细胞生成素基因多态性对早期生长性状的影响

Effects of MSTN and MyoG Genes on early growth performance in the pig

为了分析肌肉生长抑制素(MSTN)和肌细胞生成素(MyoG)2个基因对猪生长性状的影响,采用PCR-RFLP方法检测沈阳地区3个引进猪种(长白、大白和杜洛克)MSTN和MyoG基因的多态性。结果显示:在3个种群内MSTN和MyoG基因都存在AA、AB和BB 3种基因型,各基因均处于遗传平衡状态,3个种群处于中度多态,具有较丰富的遗传多态性;单基因分析表明:MSTN基因长白猪、大白猪BB基因型的初生重显著高于AB型(P<0.05);而对杜洛克猪初生重无显著影响(P>0.05);MyoG基因大白猪BB基因型的初生重显著高于AA型(P<0.05);而对长白猪、杜洛克猪初生重无显著影响(P>0.05),2个基因初生重的优良基因型是BB型。2个基因合并分析表明:合并基因型对长白猪、杜洛克猪的初生重有显著影响(P<0.05),对大白猪的初生重有极显著影响(P<0.01),合并后BBBB为猪初生重的有利基因型,合并基因型的遗传效应显著高于单基因型效应。单基因及合并基因分析均表明2个基因对3个种群的断奶重无显著影响(P>0.05)。综上所述,2个基因的多态性对猪的初生重有着显著的影响,合并效应高于单基因效应之和。

In order to analyze the effect of MSTN and MyoG genes on growth performance in the pig, polymorphisms of these two genes of three introduced swine （Landrace, Large Yorkshire and Duroc） in Shenyang were examined by PCR-RFLP. The results showed that three genotypes of AA, AB and BB for MSTN and MyoG genes were found in genetic equilibrium. The three breeds had intermediate polymor- phisms and plentiful genetic polymorphisms. The results of single genotype effects showed that birth weights of Landraee, Large Yorkshire had significant difference between different genotypic of MSTN （ P〈0. 05 ） , BB type was significantly greater than AB, birth weights of Duroc had no significant difference （ P〉0. 05 ） ; birth weights of Large Yorkshire had significant difference between different genotypic of MyoG （ P 〈0. 05 ） , BB type was significantly greater than AA, birth weights of Landrace and Duroc had no significant difference （ P〉0. 05 ） ; BB type was the superior one for both MSTN and MyoG genes. The results of combined genotype effects showed that birth weights of Landrace, Duroc had significant difference between combined genotypes （ P〈0. 05 ）, birth weights of Large Yorkshire had extremely significant difference （ P〈 0. 01 ） , BBBB was the dominat combination, and the combined genotype effects was higher than single genotypes effects. The weaning weights of the three breeds had no significant differences between MSTN and MyoG genes （P〉0. 05 ）.