青少年创造性思维的特点及其对日常创造性行为的影响:人格的中介作用

The Characteristics of Adolescents' Creative Thinking and Their Effects on Creative Behavior: The Mediating Role of Personality

采用言语和空间创造力测验、青少年人格问卷、中学生日常创造性行为问卷对1048名中学生施测,考查青少年创造性思维的特点,并探讨创造性思维、人格对日常创造性行为的影响。结果发现:(1)女生在言语创造力的流畅性、灵活性维度以及图形创造力各维度的得分均显著高于男生;高一年级的言语创造力流畅性、灵活性维度显著高于其他三个年级,高一年级的图形创造力质量维度显著高于初二、高二年级;(2)言语创造力与人格的开放性和外向性、语言文学、文艺表演和社会活动维度呈显著正相关。图形创造力与开放性、语言文学、文艺表演和手工技术呈显著正相关;(3)开放性和外向性在言语创造力和创造性行为之间起完全中介作用,在图形创造力上中介作用不显著。具体到创造性行为的各个领域,开放性和外向性在创造性思维和创造性行为间起着不同的作用。

The present study aimed at exploring the characteristics of adolescents＇ creative thinking and its effect on their creative behavior, as well as the mediating effect of personality. Verbal and Figural Creative Thinking Task, adolescence＇ s Five-Factor Personality Questionnaires and Middle School Students＇ Everyday Creative Behavior Questionnaires were administered to the sample of 1048 middle school students. The results showed that ： 1 ） Girls scored significantly higher on verbal creative thinking＇ s fluency, flexibility dimensions and all the dimensions of figural creative thinking than boys; in terms of grades, the peak appeared in the first grade of senior high school, this grade outperformed all the other grades on fluency and flexibility. 2） Simple correlation results indicated several pairs of significant positive relation： between verbal creative thinking and Openness, Extraversion, Language/Literature, Music/Performing Arts, Interpersonal/Social Activity; between figural creative thinking and Openness, Language/Literature, Music/Performing Arts, Craft/Fine Arts. 3 ） Openness and Extraversion completely mediated between verbal creative thinking and creative behavior, but their mediation role showed no significance between figural creative thinking and creative behavior.