老年人夫妻依恋稳定性及其与配偶支持的关系

Marital Attachment Stability and Its Relationship with Spousal Support among Older Adults

通过追踪研究，考察了老年人夫妻依恋的稳定性及配偶支持情况对夫妻依恋稳定性的影响。共有75名配偶健在的老年人参与了间隔3年的两次调查，第一次参与研究时的年龄范围为60～84岁。老年人夫妻依恋问卷和配偶支持问卷分别用来测量夫妻依恋和经历生活事件时夫妻间的支持情况。结果表明：（1）老年人夫妻依恋安全、依恋焦虑和依恋回避的跨时间稳定性较低；（2）对于依恋的变化，配偶支持是较生活事件发生数量更有效的预测指标，觉知到的配偶支持水平和支持满意度能够显著预测依恋安全、依恋焦虑和依恋回避分数的改变。

This longitudinal study mainly explored the stability of marital attachment and its relationship with spousal support experience among older adults. There were 75 community-dwelling old adults,with age ranging from 60 to 84 years old at the first time of investigation, who were assessed twice across 3 years. Older Adults＇ Marital Attachment Scale was used to measure attachment security, attachment anxiety, and attachment avoidance. And the perceived spouse support including support received and satisfaction during life events were reported by the participants. The results showed that attachment security, attachment anxiety, and attachment avoidance were weakly stable over the 3 years. In addition, the spousal support experience was an important predictor of the change of marital attachment. The individuals who reported more support from spouse or more satisfaction with spousal support would turn into more secure, less avoidant, and less anxious about being abandoned.