车载电源性能测试平台驱动电机调速系统控制策略研究

Research on the Control Strategy for the Traction Motor on the Test Bench of Vehicular Energy Storage System

纯电动汽车电源性能测试平台是研究电动汽车综合性能的必备条件。为研究纯电动汽车电源性能,提出由直流电机-飞轮组成的车载电源性能测试方案,直流电机用来模拟电动汽车驱动电机,飞轮用来模拟电动汽车的负载和惯量。建立了驱动电机直流调速系统的控制模型,运用Simulink和Psim软件对驱动电机的直流调速系统进行联合仿真,分析并比较了PID控制和模糊-PID控制两种控制策略下驱动电机的直流调速效果;建立了基于dSPACE的车载电源性能测试硬件在环测试平台,以简单循环工况为直流调速系统的参考转速,通过实验对两种控制策略下的仿真结果进行了实验验证。仿真和实验结果均表明模糊-PID控制策略在控制精度和动态性能方面优于PID控制策略。

The test bench of energy storage system plays an important role in the comprehensive performance testing of electric vehicles. The hardware-in-the-loop （HIL） test bench composed by a DC motor and a flywheel was proposed to test the performance of vehicular energy storage system. The DC motor was used as a traction motor. The flywheel worked as the load and the moment of inertia of the whole vehicle. The speed control system of the DC motor on the test bench was analyzed. The speed control system of the traction motor was modeled and co-simulated in Simulink and Psim. This paper mainly focused on the control strategy of the speed control system. A simple drive cycle was used as the reference signals for the speed control system. A fuzzy-PID control strategy was proposed to replace the single PID control approach which exhibits low precision in tracking. The dSPACE-based HIL test bench was built in the lab. Simulation and experimental results show that fuzzy-PID control is superior to PID control. Fuzzy-PID control implemented for the speed control of the traction motor has better precision and dynamic performance than PID control.