同时蒸馏萃取-气质联用法分析鹞落坪自然保护区茶鲜叶挥发性成分

Analysis of Volatile Compounds of Fresh Tea Leaves from Yaoluoping Nature Preserve by SDE-GC-MS

目的:研究鹞落坪自然保护区茶鲜叶挥发物的种类和相对含量,为探索高山茶区的茶叶品质和药用价值提供科学依据。方法:利用同时蒸馏萃取-气质联用法分析茶鲜叶挥发性成分。结果:从石佛香、石佛翠2个茶树品种中共鉴定出挥发物41种,其中,石佛香32种、石佛翠38种。石佛香、石佛翠的主要挥发性成分均为绿叶挥发物,石佛翠的萜烯类化合物种类和相对含量多于石佛香,石佛翠的酮类物质亦多于石佛香,石佛翠还含有1种杂环化合物。结论:石佛香、石佛翠的主要挥发性成分对高山茶独特香气的形成具有重要作用;二者挥发物的组成和比例存在一定差异,有些微量成分可能与茶树不同品种在生长过程中的防御作用相关;茶鲜叶挥发物中的功能性成分具有良好的药用价值,值得深入研究。

Objective ：To study the volatile compounds of fresh tea leaves from Yaoluoping Nature Preserve, and to provide scien- tific basis for the quality and medicinal value of tea from high mountainous area. Methods ：The volatile compounds were extracted from fresh tea leaves by simultaneous distillation and extraction, and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrum （ GC-MS ）. Results ： 41 volatile compounds were identified from two tea eultivars, Shifoxiang and Shifocui. Shifoxiang had 32 kinds of volatile compounds and Shifocui had 38 kinds of volatile compounds. The main volatile components of Shifoxiang and Shifocui were green leaf volatiles. The kind and relative content of terpenes of Shifocui were more than that of Shifoxiang. Also the kind and relative content of ketones of Shifocui were more than that of Shifoxiang. There was one kind of heterocyclic compound of Shifocui. Conclusion ： The main volatile components of Shifoxiang and Shifocui had an important role for the formation of unique aroma of high mountain ous tea. The composition and pro- portion of volatile components between Shifoxiang and Shifocui had certain differences. Some trace components may be associated with defense in the process of tea plant growth. The functional components from the volatile components had good medicinal value ,worthy of further research.