误吸高危因素表在预防神经外科患者误吸中的应用

Application of aspiration high risk factors table for aspiration prevention of neurosurgery patients

报告了神经外科误吸高危因素表的设计及应用效果。对误吸高危因素进行量化评估，评估内容包括：意识状态评分、年龄、洼田饮水实验、人工气道、胃内残留、呕吐、进食后伴随症状。评分范围为0～20分，分值≥2分即列入误吸高危患者，并在误吸高危因素表上列出护理措施及急救流程，有效预防和减少了神经外科患者误吸的发生，提高了护理质量。

We reported the development and application of neurosurgery aspiration high risk factors table. In order to quantify aspiration high risk factors, the evaluation contents included consciousness score, age, Wa Tian water experiment, artificial airway, gastric contents, vomit, and accompanying symptoms after eating. The rating score ranged from 0 to 20. Patient whose score was higher than or equal to 2 would be considered at high risk of aspiration, and would be listed nursing interventions and emergency treatments on his/her high risk table. The table effectively prevented and reduced aspiration of neurosurgery patients, and improved quality of nursing.