模拟深埋条件下不同伤类伤情比格犬的生命耐受力与生命体征变化研究

Study on the changes of vital signs and life tolerance in beagles with different injury under simulated deep burial

目的探讨模拟掩埋条件下不同伤类伤情比格犬生命耐受力和生命体征的变化规律。方法比格犬24只随机分为模拟掩埋条件下单纯缺氧、缺氧合并缺食缺水、骨折失血复合缺氧缺水缺食、冲击伤复合缺氧缺水缺食4组,每组6只,雌雄各半。应用多功能生理检测仪监测其体温、呼吸和心电图等重要生理指标的变化,观察3周。结果单纯缺氧组全部活存;其他3种伤类比格犬全部死亡（17只于9.5-16.7 d、1只于20.8 d死亡）,临床经历代偿期、适应期、耗竭期（失代偿期）和濒死期,平均死亡时间为13.2-13.8 d;体温于第7天开始见轻度下降,直至死亡前1 d或死亡当天出现体温低于35℃;呼吸频率的变化表现为加快-减慢-加速-再减慢,呼吸节律和波形的明显异常见于实验犬衰竭乃至濒死期,出现潮式呼吸和间断呼吸;心电图显示不同伤情条件下可出现多种心律失常及ST段和T波改变等。结论模拟掩埋情况下不同伤类比格犬的生命耐受时间为7 d以上（9.5-20.8 d）,其临床经过具有阶段性特点,生命体征发生相应的规律性变化。

Objective To investigate the rule of changes of vital signs and life tolerance in beagles with different injury under simulant condition of deep burial.Methods 24 beagles were randomly divided into four groups：hypoxia group,hypoxia combined with deprivation of water and food group,fracture and blood loss combined with hypoxia and deprivation of water and food group,and blast injury combined with hypoxia and deprivation of water and food group.Animals were male and female half,and 6 animals for each group.The important physiological indexs such as body temperature,breath and cardiogram were examined by multi-functional detector for 3 weeks.Results All animals of hypoxia group lived,and all beagles of other three groups all died（17 beagles died in 9.5- 16.7 d,one beagle died at 20.8 d）.The dead animals experienced clinically compensation,adaptation,exhaustion（decompensation） and impending death courses in turn.The average death time was 13.2- 13.8 d.Body temperature decreased gently at 7 d,and it was not below 35℃ until the day before death and the death day.Changes of breath frequency showed as quicken-slower-accelerate-slower again.The abnormity of breath rhythm and waveform was observed in the exhausted and dying beagles.Tidal and cogwheel breathing appeared.Cardiograms showed various arrhythmia,ST and T wave change under different injury conditions.Conclusion Under simulant condition of deep burial,the life tolerance time exceeds 7 d（9.5- 20.8 d）;the clinical experience of beagles with different injury has periodic characteristic,and the vital signs changed correspondingly.