三种不同分子标记技术对灵芝单核体多态性的研究

Study on polymorphism of Ganoderma lucidum monokaryons by different molecular markers

为了探讨灵芝Ganoderma.lucidum原生质体单核体间遗传多态性,为育种材料的筛选提供分子水平依据。运用ISSR、SRAP、RAPD3种分子标记技术对制得的34株灵芝单核体进行了遗传多样性分析和聚类分析。结果显示,三种分子标记技术共扩增出347条条带,多态性条带为308条,多态比率为88.76%,其中ISSR-PCR扩增效果较好,多态性条带和多态比率最高;119-123与其余菌株相异系数最大,或已发生基因突变。根据综合分析结果,在相异系数为0.67时,可以把剩余33株菌株分为两大类群,Ⅱ类含5株菌株,分别为119-180、119-210、119-212、G0119和119-214,剩余的28株菌株为Ⅰ类。研究表明,ISSR、SRAP和RAPD分子标记可用于灵芝单核体多态性研究,这将为育种材料的筛选提供帮助,减少育种工作量和风险。

The objective of this study was to provide molecular basis for the selection of breeding material of Ganoderma lucidum content in studying polymorphism of G.lucidum monokaryon strains.The genetic diversity of 34 monokaryons of G.lucidum were analyzed by ISSR, SRAP, and RAPD markers.The results showed that a total of 347 fragments were amplified,among them 308 （accounting for 88.？6% of the total）were polymorphic.The ISSR- PCR had a better superiority because of the highest number and rate of polymorphism.The maximum difference of dissimilarity coefficient between 119- 123 and the rest seemingly suggested that it had mutated. UPDMA dendrogram based on ISSR,SRAP and RAPD markers indicated that the rest 33 strains could be distinguished into 2 groups when dissimilarity coefficient was 0.67.Based on results of comprehensive analysis,the group II included strain 119-180,119-210,119-212, G0119 and 119-214,and group I included the other 28 strains. It could be concluded that polymorphism of G.lucidum monokaryon strains by ISSR, SRAP and RAPD analysis were viable,it could provide reference for mating type identification and the screening of breeding material, reducing the workload and the risk of breeding.