普安银鲫早期发育中消化酶活性及添加葡萄糖对其影响

Activities of Digestive Enzymes and Effects of Glucose Supplementation during Early Development of Crucian Carp Carassius auratus

用酶学分析的方法,研究了普安银鲫早期发育过程中消化酶活性及葡萄糖对它们的影响。试验结果表明,(1)胚胎中淀粉酶活性比成熟卵高。(2)原肠中期至外源营养期,胰蛋白酶和淀粉酶活性随发育呈上升趋势;胃蛋白酶、脂肪酶和纤维素酶活性由原肠中期至晶体出现期无变化,而在晶体出现期至外源营养期,胃蛋白酶、脂肪酶和纤维素酶活性呈上升趋势,纤维素酶活性在整个发育过程始终处于较低水平。(3)用15g/L葡萄糖溶液浸泡,能明显促进普安银鲫胚胎胰蛋白酶、淀粉酶、脂肪酶和胃蛋白酶活性,但对纤维素酶活性无明显影响。在胚胎发育进程中淀粉酶优先发挥作用分解卵黄中的碳水化合物,为胚胎发育迅速提供能量;胰蛋白酶、淀粉酶、胃蛋白酶和脂肪酶分解卵黄物质在器官形成及仔鱼发育中起着主要作用。

Activities of digestive enzymes and effects of glucose supplementation were studied during early development of crucian carp Carassius auratus by a method of enzymology. The results showed that there was higher activity of amylase in the embryos than that in the mature eggs. From the middle of gastrula stage to exogenous nutrition stage, activities of trypsin and amylase were found to be increased with the development. From mid-gastrula stage to lens formation stage, there were no significant changes in activities of pepsin, lipase and cellulase, but activities of pepsin, lipase and cellulase were increasd from lens formation stage to exogenous trophic stage, and the activity of cellulose was relatively lower in whole development process. Glucose solution （15 g/L） led to increase the activities of trypsin, amylase, lipase and pepsin, but glucose addition showed no effect on the activity of cellulose. The amylase was found priority to carbohydrate decomposition in the egg yolk to provide energy for rapid embryonic development. The amylase, trypsin, pepsin and lipase were found to play a major role in decomposition of yolk nutrients, organogenesis and the development of larvae. The findings indicate that glucose supplementation at a rate of 15 g/L promotes the activities of trypsin, amylase, lipase and pepsin during early development of crucian carp.