日常生活能力和生活照料对城区老年人抑郁情绪的影响

Effects of activities of daily living and life care on depressive mood for elderly in community

目的 探讨城市社区老年人群的日常生活活动能力、生活照料对抑郁情绪的影响.方法 选取河北省4市区3 176名60岁以上社区老年被试者,采集一般人口学资料,采用自编量表了解老年人生活照料情况,采用流调用抑郁自评量表（CES-D）、日常生活活动能力量表（ADL）进行生活照料情况、抑郁情绪、日常生活活动能力评估.结果 ADL＞ 26分老年人232例（7.3％）,CES-D＞ 15分者268例（8.4％）.城区有无生活照料老年人的抑郁情绪差异具有统计学意义（x2=93.498,P＜0.01）.日常生活能力受损组与未受损组的抑郁发生率（32.33％,6.56％）差异具有统计学意义（x2=184.9,P＜0.050）.CES-D评分与ADL、PADL、IADL评分的相关系数分别为0.362、0.192、0.089（均P＜ 0.05）.Logistic分析结果显示性别（OR=2.142）、患病情况（OR=2.214）、婚姻状况（OR=0.484）、以及洗澡（OR=1.333）、有生活照料（OR=0.335）、平地步行（OR=1.275）、穿上衣（OR=2.129）和利用轮椅活动（OR=1.118）等生活能力均对老年人群的抑郁情绪有显著影响.结论 老年人抑郁情绪与多因素相关,应重点关注单身、女性、低学历、无生活照料者、不能独立完成洗澡者以及长期在家的老年群体.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of the depression and the activities of daily living in the elderly population in Hebei province.Methods In this cross-sectional study,3 176 subjects aged over 60 were selected from 4 urban communities in Hebei Province.The demographic data was collected,and the Center for Epidemiological Survey,Depression Scale,（CES-D） and the activities of daily living Scale （ADL） were used to assess their depression status and activities of daily living.Results Among the 3 176 subjects,268 cases （8.4%） got the CES-D scores of over 15 and 232 cases （7.3%） got the ADL scores of over 26.14.2% of depression group needed life care,27.9% of depression group had absence of daily living activities.Multivariate logistic results showed that gender （OR=2.142）,diseases situation （OR=2.214）,marriage （OR=0.484）,and life abilities like shower （OR =1.333）,walk around home （OR=1.275）,wear clothes（OR=2.129）,moving on a wheelchair（OR=1.118） had significant effect on depression.Conclusion Elder people population who have characteristics like female,single,illness,can＇t take shower by themselves,life care depended,more likely get higher CES-D scores and depression.